(Flip Northern/Southern Hemisphere labels for the Southern Hemisphere.)
Summer begins when the Sun reaches its highest point in the sky, resulting in the longest day of the year. when do the four seasons start and end
These are based on the position of the Earth in its orbit. They begin at the equinoxes (when day and night are nearly equal) and solstices (the longest and shortest days). Because Earth's orbit is elliptical and not exactly 365 days, these dates shift slightly every year. these dates shift slightly every year.