Optimizing the social utility of judicial punishment - PMC - NIH
Physical punishment remains a formal legal sentence in a few countries, such as Singapore and Malaysia. judicial punishment stories
For 16 years, they endured the punishment for a crime they did not commit. The judicial system had punished not the guilty, but the vulnerable. Their eventual release in 1991 caused a seismic shift in British criminal law, leading to the creation of the Criminal Cases Review Commission. The punishment story here is not just of the six men, but of the system that punished itself by losing public trust. Optimizing the social utility of judicial punishment -
How early civilizations used public, physical, and retaliatory punishment to establish order. and retaliatory punishment to establish order.