| Attachment Style | IWM of Self | IWM of Other | Counseling Presentation | Therapeutic Pitfall | |----------------|-------------|--------------|------------------------|----------------------| | Secure | Worthy | Trustworthy | Coherent narrative, seeks help appropriately | Underestimating distress | | Anxious-preoccupied | Unworthy | Unpredictably good | Over-disclosure, demands for contact, crisis of the week | Becoming enmeshed, boundary erosion | | Dismissing-avoidant | Worthy (defensive) | Untrustworthy | Intellectualizes, minimizes, rejects help | Pushing too hard for emotion; client flees | | Fearful-avoidant (disorganized) | Unworthy | Dangerous | Chaotic relationships, self-harm, dissociation | Getting pulled into rescue-reject cycles |
Using Piaget’s stages, a counselor realizes that a child in the "pre-operational" stage cannot use abstract logic to solve an emotional conflict. Therapy must be play-based and concrete. Lenses Applying Lifespan Development Theories In Counseling
Looks at how a client processes information and makes meaning of their world. | Attachment Style | IWM of Self |